Subregion-Scale Geothermal Delineation Based on Image Analysis Using Reflection Seismology and Well Data with an Outlook for Land Use

Abstract

The role of geothermal energy is smaller in the global energy mix than what its potential would indicate, but it can be improved by incorporating geothermal energy potential assessments into spatial planning. For adequate decision support and sustainable utilisation, subregion-scale assessments should be applied due to the high variability in geothermal characteristics. Different GIS tools were used for the interpretation and integration of the different spatial data into one model showing areas with their geothermal characteristics on maps. Considering the present study site with a size of 83 km × 103 km located in NE Hungary, 39 2D reflection seismic sections and high-resolution geological data of 137 thermal wells were interpreted in OpendTect and then in ArcGIS to define spatial differences in geothermal potential. It was found that nine geothermal subregions (GSRs) can be distinguished in the present study site based on the applied GIS algorithms. Each GSR was characterised and land-use structure was studied based on Corine Land Cover 2018. The exploitation of water with at least 30 °C is possible in all GSRs, while the maximum achievable temperature and reservoir geometry vary; a subregion-scale delineation framework is required for regional planning.