The Influence of Steroid Therapy on the Treatment Results in Patients with Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss

Abstract

Oral, intravenous, or intratympanic steroid therapy (ST) are commonly applied methods of pharmacotherapy in Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss (SSNHL). There are vast discrepancies on the recommended initial dose and the duration of ST in medical reports. The aim of the research is a retrospective comparison of patients’ examination results with different therapeutical strategies. The medical records of 218 patients treated for SSNHL at the Military Institute of Medicine were subjected to retrospective analysis by comparison of the results of pure tone audiometry prior to and after treatment with steroid therapy (first-dose delay, mass of first dose, duration of treatment). Postponement of implementation of ST to 5 days resulted in a significant improvement of hearing across all frequencies. The implementation of ST sequentially in periods (5th–10th day; >10th day) resulted in a statistically insignificant improvement of hearing in the following frequencies: 250 Hz, 1000 Hz, 1500 Hz, 2000 Hz, 3000 Hz, 4000 Hz. There was a statistical improvement of hearing within all frequencies analyzed for the initial dose of prednisone above 50 mg. For an initial dose below 50 mg, in 4000 Hz, the improvement of hearing was statistically insignificant. The research demonstrated a significant influence of steroid therapy on treatment results in patients with Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss.