Abstract
Over the past decade, the world’s electrical grid infrastructure has experienced rapid growth in the integration of grid-edge inverter-based distributed energy resources (DERs). This has led to operating concerns associated with reduced system inertia, stability and intermittent renewable power generation. However, advanced or “smart” inverters can provide grid services such as volt-VAR, frequency-Watt, and constant power factor capabilities to help sustain reliable grid and microgrid operations. To address the challenges and accelerate the benefits of smart inverter integration, new approaches are needed to test both the impacts of inverter-based resources (IBRs) on the grid as well as the impacts of changing grid conditions on the operation of IBRs. Power hardware-in-the-loop (PHIL) stands out as a strong testing solution, enabling a real-time simulated power system to be interfaced to hardware devices such as inverters which can be implemented to determine interactions between multiple inverters at multiple points of common coupling on the grid and microgrids. This paper presents a review of PHIL for grid and microgrid applications including recent advancements and requirements such as real-time simulators, hardware interfaces and communication and stability considerations. An illuminating case study is summarized followed by exemplary PHIL testbed developments around the world, concluding with a proposed research paradigm to advance the integration of smart grid-following and grid-forming inverters.
Subject
Energy (miscellaneous),Energy Engineering and Power Technology,Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment,Electrical and Electronic Engineering,Control and Optimization,Engineering (miscellaneous),Building and Construction
Reference144 articles.
1. (2014). IEEE Guide for Conducting Distribution Impact Studies for Distributed Resource Interconnection (Standard No. IEEE Std. 1547.7-2013).
2. U.S. Department of Energy (2022). Smart Grid Systems Report.
3. Demand response and smart grids—A survey;Siano;Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev.,2014
4. Anttila, S., Döhler, J.S., Oliveira, J.G., and Boström, C. (2022). Grid Forming Inverters: A Review of the State of the Art of Key Elements for Microgrid Operation. Energies, 15.
5. Towards holistic power distribution system validation and testing—An overview and discussion of different possibilities;Strasser;E&I Elektrotechnik Inf.,2017
Cited by
2 articles.
订阅此论文施引文献
订阅此论文施引文献,注册后可以免费订阅5篇论文的施引文献,订阅后可以查看论文全部施引文献