Current Status and Challenges of Oncolytic Virotherapy for the Treatment of Glioblastoma

Author:

Webb Mason J.12ORCID,Sener Ugur23ORCID,Vile Richard G.4

Affiliation:

1. Department of Hematology, Mayo Clinic, 200 1st Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA

2. Department of Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic, 200 1st Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA

3. Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, 200 1st Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA

4. Department of Molecular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 200 1st Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA

Abstract

Despite decades of research and numerous clinical trials, the prognosis of patients diagnosed with glioblastoma (GBM) remains dire with median observed survival at 8 months. There is a critical need for novel treatments for GBM, which is the most common malignant primary brain tumor. Major advances in cancer therapeutics such as immune checkpoint inhibitors and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy have not yet led to improved outcomes for GBM. Conventional therapy of surgery followed by chemoradiation with or without tumor treating fields remains the standard of care. One of the many approaches to GBM therapy currently being explored is viral therapies. These typically work by selectively lysing target neoplastic cells, called oncolysis, or by the targeted delivery of a therapeutic transgene via a viral vector. In this review, we discuss the underlying mechanisms of action and describe both recent and current human clinical trials using these viruses with an emphasis on promising viral therapeutics that may ultimately break the field’s current stagnant paradigm.

Funder

National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

Drug Discovery,Pharmaceutical Science,Molecular Medicine

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