Epigallocatechin Gallate Stabilized by Cyclodextrin Inactivates Influenza Virus and Human Coronavirus 229E

Author:

Matsuura Ryosuke,Kawamura Arisa,Matsumoto Yasunobu,Iida Yoshiki,Kanayama Masanori,Kurokawa Masahiko,Aida YokoORCID

Abstract

Natural products are attractive antiviral agents because they are environment-friendly and mostly harmless. Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCg), a type of catechin, is a well-known natural antiviral agent that can inhibit various viruses. However, EGCg easily oxidizes and loses its physiological activity. Although this problem can be overcome by combining EGCg with cyclodextrin (CD-EGCg), which makes it stable in water at high concentrations, the antiviral effect of this compound remains unclear. Here, we show that in Madin–Darby canine kidney (MDCK) and MRC-5 cells, CD-EGCg is cytotoxic for 50% of cells at 85.61 and 65.34 ppm, respectively. Furthermore, CD-EGCg mainly shows its antiviral effect during the adsorption step for all four influenza virus strains (median effect concentration (EC50) was 0.93 to 2.78 ppm). Its antiviral effect post-adsorption is less intense, and no inhibitory effect is observed on influenza viruses pre-adsorption. Moreover, human coronavirus 229E (HCoV-229E) was inhibited at the adsorption step in short contact (EC50 = 2.5 ppm) and long contact conditions (EC50 = 0.5 ppm) by mixing CD-EGCg with HCoV-229E. These results suggest that CD-EGCg effectively inhibits various viruses that require an adsorption step, and is an effective tool for preventing infection.

Funder

Office for Novel Coronavirus Disease Control, Cabinet Secretariat, Government of Japan

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

Virology,Microbiology (medical),Microbiology

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