Microbial Community Colonization Process Unveiled through eDNA-PFU Technology in Mesocosm Ecosystems

Author:

Gu Siyu12,Zhang Peng13ORCID,Luo Shuai14,Chen Kai1,Jiang Chuanqi1,Xiong Jie1,Miao Wei1256ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biodiversity and Conservation, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China

2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

3. School of Ecology and Environment, Tibet University, Lhasa 850000, China

4. College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China

5. CAS Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics, Kunming 650223, China

6. State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology of China, Wuhan 430072, China

Abstract

Microbial communities are essential components of aquatic ecosystems and are widely employed for the detection, protection, and restoration of water ecosystems. The polyurethane foam unit (PFU) method, an effective and widely used environmental monitoring technique, has been improved with the eDNA-PFU method, offering efficiency, rapidity, and standardization advantages. This research aimed to explore the colonization process of microbial communities within PFUs using eDNA-PFU technology. To achieve this, we conducted ten-day monitoring and sequencing of microbial communities within PFUs in a stable and controlled artificial aquatic ecosystem, comparing them with water environmental samples (eDNA samples). Results showed 1065 genera in eDNA-PFU and 1059 in eDNA, with eDNA-PFU detecting 99.95% of eDNA-identified species. Additionally, the diversity indices of bacteria and eukaryotes in both methods showed similar trends over time in the colonization process; however, relative abundance differed. We further analyzed the colonization dynamics of microbes in eDNA-PFU and identified four clusters with varying colonization speeds. Notably, we found differences in colonization rates between bacteria and eukaryotes. Furthermore, the Molecular Ecological Networks (MEN) showed that the network in eDNA-PFU was more modular, forming a unique microbial community differentiated from the aquatic environment. In conclusion, this study, using eDNA-PFU, comprehensively explored microbial colonization and interrelationships in a controlled mesocosm system, providing foundational data and reference standards for its application in aquatic ecosystem monitoring and beyond.

Funder

Science & Technology Fundamental Resources Investigation Program

Third Xinjiang Scientific Expedition Program

National Natural Science Foundation of China

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

Virology,Microbiology (medical),Microbiology

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