Exploring Gut Microbiome Variations between Popillia japonica Populations of Azores

Author:

Frias Jorge1ORCID,Garriga Anna12,Peñalver Ángel1,Teixeira Mário1,Beltrí Rubén1,Toubarro Duarte1,Simões Nelson1

Affiliation:

1. Centro de Biotecnologia dos Açores, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade dos Açores, 9500-321 Ponta Delgada, Portugal

2. Departament de Biologia Animal, Vegetal i Ecologia, Facultat de Biociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain

Abstract

Popillia japonica (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae), is an emerging invasive pest in Europe and America. In the Azores, this pest was first found on Terceira Island during the sixties and soon spread to other islands. The rate of infestation differs between islands, and we hypothesized that microbiome composition could play a role. Therefore, we sampled 3rd instar larvae and soil from sites with high and low infestation rates to analyze the microbiome using next-generation sequencing. We analyzed twenty-four 16S DNA libraries, which resulted in 3278 operational taxonomic units. The alpha and beta diversity of the soil microbiome was similar between sites. In contrast, the larvae from high-density sites presented a higher bacterial gut diversity than larvae from low-density sites, with biomarkers linked to plant digestion, nutrient acquisition, and detoxification. Consequently, larvae from high-density sites displayed several enriched molecular functions associated with the families Ruminococcaceae, Clostridiaceae and Rikenellaceae. These bacteria revealed a supportive function by producing several CAZyme families and other proteins. These findings suggest that the microbiome must be one drive for the increase in P. japonica populations, thus providing a checkpoint in the establishment and spread of this pest.

Funder

International Research Project-Integrated Pest Management of the invasive Japanese Beetle

IPM-Popillia project

M. Universidades—Margarita Salas

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

Virology,Microbiology (medical),Microbiology

Reference82 articles.

1. Japanese Beetle (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) Invasion of North America: History, Ecology, and Management;Althoff;J. Integr. Pest Manag.,2022

2. Simões, N., and Martins, A. (1985). Life Cycle of Popillia Japonica Newman (Coleoptera—Scarabaeidae) in Terceira Island—Azores, University of the Azores.

3. Suppression of the Japanese Beetle in the Azores: An Ecological Approach;Martins;Ecol. Bull.,1988

4. Japanese Beetle: Monitoring in the Azores with Semiochemicals;Martins;Ecol. Bull.,1988

5. Effectiveness of Steinernema Spp. and Heterorhabditis Bacteriophora against Popillia Japonica in the Azores;Laumond;J. Nematol.,1993

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