Increase of Glycoalkaloid Content in Potato Tubers by Greening as a Method to Reduce the Spread of Pectobacterium and Dickeya spp. in Seed Production Systems

Abstract

Dickeya and Pectobacterium species are the causal agents of blackleg and soft rot diseases. This article explores the possibility of using the glycoalkaloids (GAs) naturally produced by the potato tuber after the greening process as a blackleg control method. We first tested the effect of GAs extracted from four potato cultivars on the growth and viability of one Dickeya and one Pectobacterium strain in growth media. Then, four years of field experiments were performed in which the incidence of blackleg was assessed in plants grown from the seed tubers of cv. Agria that were subjected to various greening treatments. In the growth media, all GAs isolated from the four cultivars appeared to be bacteriostatic and bactericidal against both bacteria strains. The inhibitory effect varied among GAs from different cultivars. Except for a one-year field trial, the blackleg incidence was lower in plants grown from green seed tubers without the yield being affected. The blackleg control was marginal, probably due to the low production of GAs by the tubers of cv. Agria after greening. Based on our findings, seed tuber greening has a good potential for blackleg control after the identification of varieties that present optimal GA composition after greening.