Analyzing the Charging Flexibility Potential of Different Electric Vehicle Fleets Using Real-World Charging Data

Abstract

A successful transformation of the energy and transportation sector is one of the main targets for our society today. Battery electric vehicles can play a key role in future renewable-based energy supply systems because of their ability to store electrical power. Additionally, they provide significant charging flexibility due to the long parking durations. In this paper, we provide insights into the temporal and power-specific flexibility behavior of three different vehicle fleets. These fleets are pool vehicles of office employees, a public authority, and a logistics company. Several parameters, such as the average charging power per charging event or the average plug-in duration per charging event, are discussed. Additionally, we investigate different charging rates and their impact on the temporal flexibility of the charging events. The data analysis shows that the logistics site has the most homogeneous charging profile as well as high charging flexibility, in contrast to the office and public agency site. The results are of significant importance for future applications in the field of smart charging and ancillary services provision.