1. Department of Primary Care and Emergency Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
2. Department of Anesthesiology, Gunma Prefectural Cardiovascular Center, 3-12, Kameizumi, Gunma 371-0004, Japan
3. Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo 1138603, Japan
4. Department of Emergency and Disaster Medicine, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 501-1194, Japan
5. Department of Emergency Medicine and Critical Care Medicine, Saiseikai Utsunomiya Hospital, Tochigi 321-0974, Japan
6. Division of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Acute Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan
7. Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Osaka 569-8686, Japan
8. Tajima Emergency & Critical Care Medical Center, Toyooka Hospital, Hyogo 668-8501, Japan
9. Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Fukuoka University Hospital, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan