Vaccine Effectiveness of Cell-Based Quadrivalent Influenza Vaccine in Children: A Narrative Review

Author:

Mould-Quevedo Joaquin F.1ORCID,Pelton Stephen I.2,Nguyen Van Hung3

Affiliation:

1. Seqirus USA Inc., Summit, NJ 07901, USA

2. Chobanian and Avedesian School of Medicine, Boston University, Boston, MA 02118, USA

3. VHN Consulting Inc., Montreal, QC H2V3L8, Canada

Abstract

Cell-based manufacturing of seasonal influenza vaccines eliminates the risk of egg-adaptation of candidate vaccine viruses, potentially increasing vaccine effectiveness (VE). We present an overview of published data reporting the VE and cost-effectiveness of a cell-based quadrivalent influenza vaccine (QIVc) in preventing influenza-related outcomes in the pediatric population. We identified 16 clinical studies that included data on the VE of a QIVc or the relative VE (rVE) of a QIVc versus an egg-based QIV (QIVe) in children and/or adolescents, 11 of which presented estimates specifically for the pediatric age group. Of these, two studies reported rVE against hospitalizations. Point estimates of rVE varied from 2.1% to 33.0%, with studies reporting significant benefits of using a QIVc against influenza-related, pneumonia, asthma, and all-cause hospitalization. Four studies reported rVE against influenza-related medical encounters, with point estimates against non-strain specific encounters ranging from 3.9% to 18.8% across seasons. One study evaluated rVE against any influenza, with variable results by strain. The other four studies presented VE data against laboratory-confirmed influenza. Three health economics studies focusing on a pediatric population also found the use of QIVc to be cost-effective or cost-saving. Overall, using a QIVc is effective in pediatric patients, with evidence of incremental benefits over using a QIVe in preventing hospitalizations and influenza-related medical encounters in nearly all published studies.

Funder

Seqirus CSL

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

Pharmacology (medical),Infectious Diseases,Drug Discovery,Pharmacology,Immunology

Reference57 articles.

1. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (2023, June 05). Disease Burden of Flu, Available online: https://www.cdc.gov/flu/about/burden/index.html.

2. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (2023, June 19). Summary: ‘Prevention and Control of Seasonal Influenza with Vaccines: Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP)—United States, 2022–2023’, Available online: https://www.cdc.gov/flu/professionals/acip/summary/summary-recommendations.htm.

3. Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion (2023, August 17). Healthy People 2030: Increase the Proportion of People Who Get the Flu Vaccine Every Year—IID-09, Available online: https://health.gov/healthypeople/objectives-and-data/browse-objectives/vaccination/increase-proportion-people-who-get-flu-vaccine-every-year-iid-09.

4. Influenza;Krammer;Nat. Rev. Dis. Primers,2018

5. World Health Organization (2023, June 19). Recommendations Announced for Influenza Vaccine Composition for the 2022–2023 Northern Hemisphere Influenza Season. Available online: https://www.who.int/news/item/25-02-2022-recommendations-announced-for-influenza-vaccine-composition-for-the-2022-2023-northern-hemisphere-influenza-season.

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