A Novel Vaccine Strategy to Prevent Cytauxzoonosis in Domestic Cats
Author:
Weerarathne Pabasara1, Maker Rebekah1, Huang Chaoqun2, Taylor Brianne3, Cowan Shannon R.1, Hyatt Julia1, Tamil Selvan Miruthula1ORCID, Shatnawi Shoroq1, Thomas Jennifer E.4, Meinkoth James H.1, Scimeca Ruth1ORCID, Birkenheuer Adam5, Liu Lin2ORCID, Reichard Mason V.1ORCID, Miller Craig A.1ORCID
Affiliation:
1. Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA 2. Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA 3. Oklahoma Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA 4. Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA 5. Department of Clinical Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA
Abstract
Cytauxzoonosis is caused by Cytauxzoon felis (C. felis), a tick-borne parasite that causes severe disease in domestic cats in the United States. Currently, there is no vaccine to prevent this fatal disease, as traditional vaccine development strategies have been limited by the inability to culture this parasite in vitro. Here, we used a replication-defective human adenoviral vector (AdHu5) to deliver C. felis-specific immunogenic antigens and induce a cell-mediated and humoral immune response in cats. Cats (n = 6 per group) received either the vaccine or placebo in two doses, 4 weeks apart, followed by experimental challenge with C. felis at 5 weeks post-second dose. While the vaccine induced significant cell-mediated and humoral immune responses in immunized cats, it did not ultimately prevent infection with C. felis. However, immunization significantly delayed the onset of clinical signs and reduced febrility during C. felis infection. This AdHu5 vaccine platform shows promising results as a vaccination strategy against cytauxzoonosis.
Funder
National Institute of General Medical Sciences of the National Institutes of Health
Subject
Pharmacology (medical),Infectious Diseases,Drug Discovery,Pharmacology,Immunology
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