Membranous Nephropathy following Full-Dose of Inactivated SARS-CoV-2 Virus Vaccination: A Case Report and Literature Review

Author:

Thammathiwat TheerachaiORCID,Chompuk Laor,Worawichawong SuchinORCID,Boonpucknavig Vijitr,Sirilak Supinda,Pongcharoen SutatipORCID,Pichitsiri Watchara,Kanjanabuch Talerngsak

Abstract

Vaccination against the SARS-CoV-2 virus (COVID-19) has proven to be the most effective measure to prevent the spread and reduce infection severity. A case report of de novo membranous nephropathy (MN) following immunization with inactivated virus vaccine (CoronaVac®, Sinovac Biotech) is presented here. A 53-year-old man presented with a sudden onset of leg edema a week after receiving an inactivated virus vaccine and a relapse of nephrotic syndrome (NS) with acute kidney injury (AKI) after a booster dose. Screening for serum anti-phospholipase A2 receptor antibody and secondary causes of MN were negative. Kidney biopsy revealed an early MN pattern with focal spike formation, whilst numerous subepithelial electron-dense deposits and a few small deposits in the mesangial area were observed through electron microscopy. A short course of steroids and oral cyclophosphamide was prescribed, resulting in the complete remission of NS and AKI. MN following SARS-CoV-2 vaccination should call for medical importance. Awareness of the association between vaccination and MN should be kept in mind to avoid unnecessary treatment with long-term immunosuppressive agents.

Funder

National Science, Research and Innovation Fund

National Research Council of Thailand (NRCT) and Naresuan University

Thailand Science Research and Innovation Fund Chulalongkorn University

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

Pharmacology (medical),Infectious Diseases,Drug Discovery,Pharmacology,Immunology

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