Factors Influencing COVID-19 Vaccination among Primary Healthcare Nurses in the Pandemic and Post-Pandemic Period: Cross-Sectional Study

Abstract

The decision to vaccinate against COVID-19 is primarily a personal choice influenced by numerous factors. Vaccine acceptance and a positive attitude towards vaccination among nurses have an impact on patients’ willingness to vaccinate. To assess COVID-19 vaccination coverage among primary healthcare nurses and to associate socio-demographic factors, comorbidity, self-rated health, and unhealthy lifestyle with the decision to be vaccinated, we conducted an online cross-sectional study from March to May 2023 using a self-administrated questionnaire. Probability sampling was used to select 32 health centers and nurses were invited via email. Among the 560 participants who completed survey, 78.3% and 50.8% received the primary two-dose course and at least one booster dose of COVID-19 vaccine, respectively. Primary care nurses who were ≥41 years of age, physically less active, and those who were overweight opted statistically significantly more often for the primary vaccination scheme (p = 0.00, 0.015 and 0.017, respectively). Education and the living environments of primary care nurses did not significantly influence the decision to receive two primary COVID-19 doses. Likewise, good self-rated health and comorbidity did not contribute significantly to the vaccination decision. Nurses that were vaccinated with booster doses were significantly more often overweight (p = 0.034) and ≥41 year of age (p = 0.000).