Studying Abuse Testing on Lithium-Ion Battery Packaging for Energy Storage Systems

Abstract

Recently, the increased adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) has significantly demanded new energy storage systems (ESS) technologies. In this way, Lithium-ion batteries (LIB) are the mainstream technology for this application. Lithium presents several advantages compared with other chemicals because it can provide delivery energy for a long time, a long lifetime, and high density and capacity. The LIB comprises several cells connected in different configurations, such as parallel, series, or combinations. This variety of designs makes the monitoring control process more complex, complicating diagnosing and prognosis of abuses and failures. To observe these difficulties, this paper presents sixteen experiments of a mini-packing of four cells under the main abuses found in the LIB. The time series data were collected during the abuses and saved in a CSV file. The results indicated that the current, temperature, and voltage should be used to identify the external short-circuit (ESC) failures in the packing of batteries. On the other side, only the voltage signature is able to determine the Over-Charging (OC), and finally, the combination of temperature and voltage should be used to identify and locate the Over-Discharging (OD) failures in different arrangements of packing. This study also provides ways to build mechanisms to protect the cells and avoid loss of performance and safety issues.