Evolution of the Spatial Patterns of Global Egg Trading Networks in the 21 Century

Abstract

Global agriculture and food system is faced with increasing uncertainty from natural disasters, epidemics, financial crises, and wars. Agricultural trade can provide a powerful supplement to global food security. Eggs have been recognized as the most important protein source for many years as they contain the highest quality protein naturally available while the price is competitive. Egg trading plays an important role in enhancing the resilience of the global food system under uncertainty. We empirically investigate the evolution of global egg trading networks by social network analysis. And, the quadratic assignment procedure (QAP) is applied to detect factors that impact global egg trading networks. The results show that in the 21st century, global egg trading networks are becoming more complex and the clusters are undergoing dynamic differentiation and integration. Additionally, compared to cultural difference among countries, factors including geographical distances, natural endowments, economic developments, trade policies, and political stability have a more significant effect on the evolution of egg trading networks. Our work provides suggestions for participating countries to develop more resilient egg trading networks to resist external shocks.