Spatial Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Green Development Progress Level of Private Enterprises in China: Based on Large Collection Surveys

Abstract

As the market subject of China’s economic development, private enterprises play an important role in fighting against pollution and solving ecological and environmental problems. It is especially important to evaluate the green development progress of Chinese private enterprises in the epidemic era. This paper conducts a questionnaire survey on 10,623 private enterprises in 31 provinces of China, and based on 6223 industrial survey results, it focuses on the production and operation status of private enterprises in terms of pollution reduction performance, energy saving, and carbon reduction intensity in order to construct a green development progress index. The spatial Moran index test and the spatial Durbin model are used to analyze the regional correlations and influencing factors of green development progress in China. The results show that the green development of enterprises with a main business income of more than 100 million CNY and key areas such as Fenwei Plain have improved significantly in 2021, especially with the increase in a private enterprise scale, the carbon reduction regime, the pollution abatement regime, and the pollution control manner, and because the investment, profitability, and pollution discharge of private enterprises is more significant. The indexes of the provinces in the southeast coastal area and the northeastern region of China are the highest and lowest, respectively, in terms of pollution, which is demonstrated by the spatial aggregation effect on the surrounding areas by Moran local index analysis. The urbanization level and government financial support for environmental protection are just two of the negative factors regarding this issue, while the economic development level and industrial structure are positive factors that have a spatial spillover effect.