How to Minimize the Nitrogen Pollution Risk of Applying Reclaimed Sewage for Urban Turfgrass Irrigation
Author:
Li Yali12, Zhang Hongjuan3, Liu Mengzhu4, Pei Hongwei125ORCID
Affiliation:
1. Department of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Architecture, Zhangjiakou 075000, China 2. Key Laboratory of Water Quality Engineering and Comprehensive Utilization of Water Resources, Zhangjiakou 075000, China 3. College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China 4. Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water Resources, Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050022, China 5. College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
Abstract
Reclamation of treated sewage is an important way to alleviate urban water scarcity and optimize ecological layout, especially in irrigating urban turfgrass. Nevertheless, the irrational use of reclaimed sewage could result in risk of excessive nitrogen (N) pollution, which requires a scientific understanding and assessment. This study examined the water-N transport process of the turfgrass system with a HYDRUS-2D model that was accurately calibrated and validated using a set of field experimental data in North China. By integrating 15 scenarios with different irrigation levels and N applications into the model, the turfgrass water flow and N fate characteristics were estimated. The results showed that the adjusted HYDRUS-2D model effectively simulated the volumetric soil water content, drainage water, N leaching, and soil N residual. The temporal variation in turfgrass water loss and N leaching consistently followed that of precipitation and irrigation, with more than 60% of the total drainage water occurring from June to August. The N leaching was at its peak during April and August, and total ammonium-N and nitrate-N leaching was 2.86 and 2.02 kg/hm2, respectively. In simulated scenarios, the turfgrass drainage water was significantly reduced by 26.82% under I60%S1/3-I60%S3 scenarios (I was 100%, 80%, or 60% of total irrigation and S was 1/3, 1/2, 1, 2, or 3 times the experimental sewage concentration), while root water uptake only decreased by 0.85%. Meanwhile, N leaching and soil N residual were significantly reduced by 3.94% and 26.56% under I60%S1/2, respectively. Furthermore, by the TOPSIS entropy weight method, I60%S1/2 was identified as an optimal turfgrass irrigation strategy for the semi-arid region of North China. These results provide a guiding basis for sewage green treatment and urban sustainable irrigation on turfgrass.
Funder
Hebei Provincial Key R&D Programme Natural Science Foundation of China Science Foundation of Hebei Education Department
Subject
Water Science and Technology,Aquatic Science,Geography, Planning and Development,Biochemistry
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