A Data-Driven Study of the Drivers of Stratospheric Circulation via Reduced Order Modeling and Data Assimilation

Author:

Sherman Julie1ORCID,Sampson Christian2ORCID,Fleurantin Emmanuel3ORCID,Wu Zhimin4,Jones Christopher K. R. T.3

Affiliation:

1. Department of Mathematics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA

2. Joint Center for Satellite Data Assimilation, Boulder, CO 80301, USA

3. Department of Mathematics, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA 22030, USA

4. School of Mathematical and Statistical Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA

Abstract

Stratospheric dynamics are strongly affected by the absorption/emission of radiation in the Earth’s atmosphere and Rossby waves that propagate upward from the troposphere, perturbing the zonal flow. Reduced order models of stratospheric wave–zonal interactions, which parameterize these effects, have been used to study interannual variability in stratospheric zonal winds and sudden stratospheric warming (SSW) events. These models are most sensitive to two main parameters: Λ, forcing the mean radiative zonal wind gradient, and h, a perturbation parameter representing the effect of Rossby waves. We take one such reduced order model with 20 years of ECMWF atmospheric reanalysis data and estimate Λ and h using both a particle filter and an ensemble smoother to investigate if the highly-simplified model can accurately reproduce the averaged reanalysis data and which parameter properties may be required to do so. We find that by allowing additional complexity via an unparameterized Λ(t), the model output can closely match the reanalysis data while maintaining behavior consistent with the dynamical properties of the reduced-order model. Furthermore, our analysis shows physical signatures in the parameter estimates around known SSW events. This work provides a data-driven examination of these important parameters representing fundamental stratospheric processes through the lens and tractability of a reduced order model, shown to be physically representative of the relevant atmospheric dynamics.

Funder

NSF

ONR

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering,Environmental Engineering

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