Microbial Electrochemical Treatment of Methyl Red Dye Degradation Using Co-Culture Method

Abstract

Methyl red, a synthetic azo dye, was reported for not only being mutagenic but also its persistence has severe consequences on human health, such as cancer, alongside detrimental environmental effects. In the present study, the Pseudomonas putida OsEnB_HZB_G20 strain was isolated from the soil sample to study the catalytic activity for the degradation of methyl red dye. Another isolated strain, the Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA 1_NCHU strain was used as an electroactive anodophile and mixed with the Pseudomonas putida OsEnB_HZB_G20 strain to see the effect of co-culturing on the power generation in single-chambered microbial fuel cells (MFCs). The Pseudomonas putida OsEnB_HZB_G20 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA 1_NCHU strains were used as co-culture inoculum in a 1:1 ratio in MFCs. This work uses isolated bacterial strains in a co-culture to treat wastewater with varying methyl red dye concentrations and anolyte pH to investigate its effect on power output in MFCs. This co-culture produced up to 7.3 W/m3 of power density with a 250 mgL−1 of dye concentration, along with 95% decolorization, indicating that the symbiotic relationship between these bacteria resulted in improved MFC performance simultaneous to dye degradation. Furthermore, the co-culture of Pseudomonas putida and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in a 1:1 ratio demonstrated improved power generation in MFCs at an optimized pH of 7.