Diversity, Genetic Structure and Relationship with Chilling Requirements of Local Varieties of Apple (Malus spp.) in the Centre for the Conservation of Agricultural Biodiversity of Tenerife (Canary Islands, Spain)
Author:
Velázquez-Barrera María Encarnación12, Ramos-Cabrer Ana María3ORCID, Pereira-Lorenzo Santiago3ORCID, Ríos-Mesa Domingo José12ORCID
Affiliation:
1. Centre for the Conservation of Agricultural Biodiversity of Tenerife, Cabildo Insular de Tenerife, C/Retama 2, 38400 Puerto de la Cruz, Spain 2. Department of Agricultural and Environmetal Engineering, University of La Laguna, 38200 San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain 3. Department of Crop Production and Engineering Projects, Campus Terra, University of Santiago de Compostela, 27002 Lugo, Spain
Abstract
Sixty-seven apple tree accessions from the Centre for the Conservation of Agricultural Biodiversity of Tenerife (CCBAT) were molecularly characterised for the first time with 13 simple sequence repeats (SSRs). Additionally, previously studied genotypes from the Canary Islands (Tenerife, La Palma and Gran Canaria), Galicia, Asturias and commercial reference varieties were studied to identify possible synonymies and genetic structures, in order to improve the conservation of this genus in the germplasm bank. Thirty-three different genotypes were found in the new accessions analysed (51% clonality): sixteen of them (48%) exclusive to Tenerife, with no genetic coincidence with previous studies, making a total of thirty-three genotypes unique to Tenerife and sixty-five in the whole of the Canary Islands. The analysis of the population structure grouped the apple genotypes into two reconstructed panmictic populations (RPPs), one formed by local varieties or traditional ones (‘Peros’), RPP1, from all the regions studied, and the other formed by local and commercial varieties, RPP2. The RPP1 genotypes identified in Tenerife seem to show better adaptation to low chill, with a positive and significant correlation (0.388, p < 0.01), highlighting the importance of local varieties and the need for their conservation. This is the first study reporting significant correlation between genetic structure and chilling requirements.
Funder
Centre for the Conservation of Agricultural Biodiversity of Tenerife
Subject
Agronomy and Crop Science
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