Grassland Ecosystem Progress: A Review and Bibliometric Analysis Based on Research Publication over the Last Three Decades

Author:

Zhu Xiaoyu1234,Zheng Jianhua3ORCID,An Yi1,Xin Xiaoping2,Xu Dawei2,Yan Ruirui2ORCID,Xu Lijun2,Shen Beibei2,Hou Lulu2

Affiliation:

1. Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China

2. National Hulunber Grassland Ecosystem Observation and Research Station, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China

3. Key Laboratory of Knowledge Mining and Knowledge Services in Agricultural Converging Publishing, National Press and Publication Administration, Agricultural Information Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China

4. Key Laboratory of Agricultural Big Data, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100081, China

Abstract

Understanding the grassland ecosystem is crucial for improving grassland ecosystem functions and services such as climate regulation, water and soil conservation, carbon sequestration, and biodiversity and gene pool maintenance. However, a systematic and comprehensive review of the relevant literature is still unclear and lacking. The VOSviewer software and cluster analysis were used to visually analyze and perform dimension reduction classification on the 27,778 studies related to grassland ecosystem research based on the Web of Science database. The number of publications targeting grassland ecosystem increased rapidly from 2006 to 2021. Ecology, agronomy, and environmental science were the most popular research categories, and the top journal sources were Remote Sensing, Journal of Ecology, and Ecology and Evolution. The leading publishing countries were the United States, China, and Germany. The top three institutions were the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, and Colorado State University. Cooperation between different countries and institutions had increased. Keyword co-occurrence network analysis showed that Biodiversity, Vegetation and Conservation were the most popular study areas, grassland management, climate change, land use pattern, and ecosystem impact were the hot research topics. All studies could be divided into three categories by cluster analysis: grassland ecological characteristics including basic physicochemical properties, vegetation community characteristics, aboveground and belowground biomass, and soil structural quality of grassland; driving mechanisms that demonstrated effects of human activities and climate change on grassland ecosystem function; and grassland ecosystem services that focused the influences of different grassland management strategies on ecological services, animal welfare and human well-being. The three topic categories of reviewed studies were interrelated and consistent with each other, and the performances were progressive. This paper reviewed the trend evolution through keyword hotspots and analyzed the future research directions to provide an important reference for scientists to better respond to the balance of herbage and sustainable utilization of grassland and maintenance of ecological security.

Funder

National Natural Science Foundation of China

National Key Research and Development Program of China

Special Funding for the Modern Agricultural Technology System from the Chinese Ministry of Agriculture

Open Research Fund Program of Key Laboratory of Agricultural Big Data, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs

Open Research Fund Program of Key Laboratory of Knowledge Mining and Knowledge Services in Agricultural Converging Publishing, National Press and Publication Administration

China Agricultural Journal Network Research Foundation Project in 2022

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

Agronomy and Crop Science

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