A Simple Application for Computing Reference Evapotranspiration with Various Levels of Data Availability—ETo Tool

Abstract

Reference evapotranspiration (ETo) estimations may be used to improve the efficiency of irrigated agriculture. However, its computation can be complex and could require numerous weather data that are not always available for many locations. Different methods are available to estimate ETo when limited data are available, and the assessment of the most accurate one can be difficult and time consuming. There are some standalone softwares available for computing ETo but none of them allow for the comparison of different methods for the same or different datasets simultaneously. This paper aims to present an application for estimating ETo using several methods that require different levels of data availability, namely FAO-56 Penman–Monteith (PM), the Original and the three modified Hargreaves–Samani (HS and MHS1, MHS2 and MHS3), Trajkovic (TR) and the single temperature procedure (MaxTET). Also, it facilitates the comparison of the accuracy estimation of two selected methods. From an example case, for where the application was used to compute ETo for three different locations, results show that the application can easily and successfully estimate ETo using the proposed methods, allowing for statistical comparison of those estimations. HS proves to be the most accurate method for the studied locations; however, the accuracy of all methods tends to be lower for costal locations than for more continental sites. With this application, users can select the best ETo estimation methods for a specific location and use it for irrigation purposes.