Spectroscopy Techniques for Monitoring the Composting Process: A Review

Author:

Martín Andrés Pérez-San123ORCID,Marhuenda-Egea Frutos C.4ORCID,Bustamante Maria Angeles5ORCID,Curaqueo Gustavo23ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Doctorado en Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Católica de Temuco, P.O. Box 15-D, Temuco 4813302, Chile

2. Grupo de Investigación en Sustentabilidad Agrícola, Universidad Católica de Temuco, P.O. Box 15-D, Temuco 4813302, Chile

3. Departamento de Ciencias Agropecuarias y Acuícolas & Núcleo de Investigación en Producción Alimentaria, Universidad Católica de Temuco, P.O. Box 15-D, Temuco 4813302, Chile

4. Department of Agrochemistry and Biochemistry, Multidisciplinary for Environmental Studies Ramón Margalef, 03690 Alicante, Spain

5. Centro de Investigación e Innovación Agroalimentaria y Agroambiental (CIAGRO-UMH), Universidad Miguel Hernández, 03312 Alicante, Spain

Abstract

Composting is described as a sustainable alternative to organic waste reuse from the agricultural and household sectors. The organic matter degradation and stabilization product presents great variability due to the waste composition used. Thus, the use of techniques that allow the monitoring of the decomposition process is necessary to determine the quality of the final product. Therefore, this review critically analyzes and updates the chemical spectroscopy methods described for the evaluation of the organic matter transformation in the composting process to optimize and generate amendments for agricultural use. This review examines spectroscopic techniques such as ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis), infrared (IR), fluorescence, and 13C NMR reported for the evolution and maturation of carbonate structures in composting. In addition, they are used in the study of indicators for monitoring the degradation of complex structures, such as sugars and proteins, for the formation of precursors that are responsible for the formation of highly stabilized substances such as humic and fulvic compounds. Finally, these parameters may be used to elucidate organic matter degradation and its stabilization process, establish patterns that characterize each stage of composting along with its physicochemical characteristics, and monitor potential phytotoxicity levels.

Funder

National Agency for Research and Development

Scholarship Program

Doctorado Nacional

Universidad Católica de Temuco

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

Agronomy and Crop Science

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