Differences in Soil Microflora between the Two Chinese Geographical Indication Products of “Tricholoma matsutake Shangri-la” and “T. matsutake Nanhua”

Abstract

Tricholoma matsutake is a kind of ectomycorrhizal fungus. In addition to its vital influence on symbiotic plants, the impact of the soil microbial community on the growth and development of T. matsutake has been garnering attention. To clarify the differences in soil microflora between “T. matsutake Shangri-la” and “T. matsutake Nanhua”, and the effects of soil bacteria and fungi on the growth and development of T. matsutake, this study took the soil of “T. matsutake Shangri-la” and “T. matsutake Nanhua” at different developmental stages. A total of 7694 bacterial OTUs and 2170 fungal OTUs were obtained through microbial omics based on amplicon sequencing. The results indicate that the α diversity and composition of the soil microorganisms in the T. matsutake Shangri-la shiro were higher than those of the T. matsutake Nanhua. It is affected by species, geographical locations, and the growth period of matsutake. Matsutake mycelia also recruit certain types of bacteria and fungi in the stage of fruiting body development. Both bacteria and fungi positively and negatively regulate the fruiting body development of matsutake mushrooms. This study will provide a basis for the semi-artificial cultivation of matsutake.