Disentangling the Physiological Responses of Sweet Orange Citrus Trees to Optimize the Design of Deficit Irrigation Strategies

Author:

Rubio-Casal Alfredo Emilio1ORCID,Durán-Zuazo Víctor Hugo2ORCID,García-Tejero Iván Francisco3ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Plant Biology and Ecology Department, Faculty of Biology, University of Seville, 41080 Sevilla, Spain

2. Andalusian Institute for Agricultural and Fisheries Research and Training (IFAPA), Research Center “Camino de Purchil” s/n, 18004 Granada, Spain

3. Andalusian Institute of Teaching and Agricultural Research (IFAPA), Research Center “Las Torres”, Ctra. Sevilla-Cazalla Km 12.2, 41200 Alcalá del Río, Spain

Abstract

Climate change scenarios and water restrictions are key challenges for Mediterranean citriculture, requiring sustainable deficit irrigation (DI) strategies to ensure sustainable yields. Further research on the physiological pathways that regulate crop responses to water stress is necessary. This work describes the physiological limitations induced under drought conditions in young Navelina orange trees, including the crop’s capability to recuperate its physiological status upon rewatering and after water withholding. A trial was conducted in two-year-old trees subjected to three irrigation treatments: a full irrigation treatment (FI) and two different DI strategies. The results show significant decreases in gas exchange rates for stem water potential (ΨStem) values below −1.5 MPa, evidencing diffusive limitations from drought stress. Additionally, there was evidence of increased osmolyte synthesis, a preventative response to oxidative damage. Significantly increased levels of proline (Pro) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were observed with higher levels of water stress (ΨStem < −1.8 MPa), which leads us to assume that this threshold signals the presence of oxidative damage with no capacity for subsequent recovery, probably affecting the final yield.

Publisher

MDPI AG

Reference36 articles.

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2. EEA 2019 (2024, March 01). Climate Change Adaptation in the Agriculture Sector in Europe. EEA Report 4/2019. p. 112. Available online: https://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/cc-adaptation-agriculture/.

3. García-Tejero, I.F., and Durán-Zuazo, V.H. (2018). Local and collective actions for adaptation to use less water for agriculture in the Mediterranean region. Water Scarcity and Sustainable Agriculture in Semiarid Environment: Tools, Strategies and Challenges for Woody Crops, Academic Press.

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