Impact of Photosynthetic Efficiency on Watermelon Cultivation in the Face of Drought
Author:
Silva Dayane Mércia Ribeiro1, Barros Allan Cunha1, Silva Ricardo Barros1, Galdino Wesley de Oliveira1ORCID, Souza José Wilker Germano de1, Marques Isabelly Cristina da Silva2ORCID, Sousa Jadielson Inácio de1, Lira Viviane da Silva1, Melo Alan Fontes1, Abreu Lucas da Silva de1, Albuquerque Júnior Elias de Oliveira1, Barbosa Luana do Nascimento Silva1, Santos Neto Antônio Lucrécio dos1, Santos Valdevan Rosendo dos1ORCID, Freitas Júnior Francisco Gilvan Borges Ferreira2, Vargens Fernanda Nery2, Luz João Henrique Silva da3ORCID, Ono Elizabeth Orika4, Rodrigues João Domingos4ORCID
Affiliation:
1. Department of Agricultural Sciences, Federal University of Alagoas (UFAL), Arapiraca 57309-005, AL, Brazil 2. Department of Plant Production, University of São Paulo State (UNESP), Botucatu 18610-034, SP, Brazil 3. Department of Soil Science, University of São Paulo (USP), Piracicaba 13418-900, SP, Brazil 4. Institute of Biosciences and Botany, University of São Paulo State (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-000, SP, Brazil
Abstract
Water availability is a limiting factor for plant production, especially in Brazilian semi-arid regions. The main aim of the study was to investigate the physiological effects of drought during the fruiting stage of watermelon cultivation. A completely randomized block design with four replications and six treatments varied by the number of lateral drip tapes (1 or 2) and the duration of drought stress (0, 4, and 8 days) was used. The following parameters were evaluated: relative chlorophyll content, relative leaf water content, electrolyte leakage, CO2 assimilation (A), stomatal conductance (gs), internal CO2 concentration, leaf temperature, transpiration (E), water use efficiency (WUE), carboxylation efficiency (CE), yield, thickness, diameter, length, and fruit °brix, at 4 and 8 days of drought. Drought negatively affected photosynthesis, particularly in treatments with a single dripper and 4 days of drought, resulting in reductions of up to 60% in A, 68% in gs, 44% in E, 58% in WUE, and 59% in CE, but did not have a significant effect on watermelon yield after 4 or 8 days of irrigation. It was concluded that drought influences the physiological responses of watermelon plants, mainly in reducing photosynthesis, but does not drastically affect fruit productivity in short periods of stress.
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