Using Molecular Lines to Determine Carbon and Nitrogen Abundances in the Atmospheres of Cool Stars

Abstract

Simultaneous analysis of the C2 and CN molecular bands in the 5100–5200 and 7930–8100 Å spectral regions is a promising alternative for the accurate determination of the carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) abundance in the atmospheres of the solar-like stars. Practical implementation of this new method became possible after recent improvements of the molecular constants for both molecules. The new molecular data predicted the correct line strength and line positions; therefore, they were included in the Vienna Atomic Line Database (VALD), which is widely used by astronomers and spectroscopists. In this paper, we demonstrate that the molecular data analysis provides C and, in particular, N abundances consistent with those derived from the atomic lines. We illustrate this by performing the analysis for three stars. Our results provide strong arguments for using the combination of C2 and CN molecular lines for accurate nitrogen abundance determination keeping in mind the difficulties of using the N i lines in the observed spectra of the solar-like stars.