In Vitro Evaluation of the Antioxidant Capacity of 3,3-Disubstituted-3H-benzofuran-2-one Derivatives in a Cellular Model of Neurodegeneration

Author:

Scibetta Sofia1,Miceli Martina2ORCID,Iuliano Marco1,Stefanuto Luca2ORCID,Carbone Elena3ORCID,Piscopo Paola3ORCID,Petrozza Vincenzo14ORCID,Romeo Giovanna1ORCID,Mangino Giorgio1ORCID,Calogero Antonella14,Gasperi Tecla25ORCID,Rosa Paolo14ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, University of Rome Sapienza, Polo Pontino, 04100 Latina, Italy

2. Department of Science, University of Roma Tre, 00146 Rome, Italy

3. Department of Neuroscience, Italian National Institute of Health, 00161 Rome, Italy

4. Istituto Chirurgico Ortopedico Traumatologico (ICOT), 04100 Latina, Italy

5. National Institute of Biostructures and Biosystems (INBB), 00136 Rome, Italy

Abstract

Oxidative stress represents a hallmark for many degenerative pathologies of the Central Nervous System. Throughout life, the constant pressure of noxious stimuli and/or episodes of traumatic events may expose the brain to a microenvironment where the non-balanced reactive oxygen species inevitably lead to neuronal loss and cognitive decline. HO-1, a 32 kDa heat-shock protein catalyzing the degradation of heme into carbon monoxide (CO), iron and biliverdin/bilirubin is considered one of the main antioxidant defense mechanisms playing pivotal roles in neuroprotection. Restoring the redox homeostasis is the goal of many natural or synthetic antioxidant molecules pursuing beneficial effects on brain functions. Here, we investigated the antioxidant capacity of four selected benzofuran-2-one derivatives in a cellular model of neurodegeneration represented by differentiated SH-SY5Y cells exposed to catechol-induced oxidative stress. Our main results highlight how all the molecules have antioxidant properties, especially compound 9, showing great abilities in reducing intracellular ROS levels and protecting differentiated SH-SY5Y cells from catechol-induced death. This compound above all seems to boost HO-1 mRNA and perinuclear HO-1 protein isoform expression when cells are exposed to the oxidative insult. Our findings open the way to consider benzofuran-2-ones as a novel and promising adjuvant antioxidant strategy for many neurodegenerative disorders.

Publisher

MDPI AG

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