Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate embryonic development; analyze the glucose, triiodothyronine (T3), and thyroxine (T4) concentrations in the blood of embryos and goslings; and assess the structure and temperature (EST) of the eggshell. The eggs that were analyzed were from four laying seasons of White Kołuda® geese at three periods (90 eggs × 4 groups × 3 periods). The different embryo proportions, fetal membranes in the egg, and sizes of internal organs indicate a different growth rate and degree of embryo development depending on the laying age and laying period. The goose age influenced the hormone concentrations in the embryos’ blood on the 28th day of incubation, which supports a relationship between the females’ age and development. The eggshell thickness and density change depending on the laying age and the laying period. A decrease in eggshell thickness in the eggs up to the third season was found after the 16th day of incubation (simultaneously, the density showed an increasing trend). A lower EST distinguished the eggs from the oldest geese in the first half of the hatch. The formation of the chorioallantois membrane was associated with an increase in EST in the oldest geese.
Subject
General Veterinary,Animal Science and Zoology
Reference64 articles.
1. Concentration of thyroid hormones in the yolk of avarian follicles during the ovulatory cycle of hen. [Stężenie hormonów tarczycy w żółtku pęcherzyków jajnikowych kury w czasie cyklu owulacyjnego];Sechman;Zesz. Nauk. Przeg. Hod.,1997
2. Physiological Differences in Late Embryos from Turkey Breeders at Different Ages
3. Influence of Exogenous T 4 on Body Weight, Feed Consumption, T 4 Levels, and Myocardial Glycogen in Furazolidone-Fed Turkey Poults
4. Selected hormones in embryonic development and bird growth. [Wybrane hormony w rozwoju embrionalnym i wzroście ptaków];Króliczewska;Pol. Drob.,2014
5. Developmental modulation of myosin expression by thyroid hormone in avian skeletal muscle