Triphenylphosphonium-Functionalized Gold Nanorod/Zinc Oxide Core–Shell Nanocomposites for Mitochondrial-Targeted Phototherapy

Author:

Joe Ara1,Han Hyo-Won1,Lim Yu-Ra1,Manivasagan Panchanathan1ORCID,Jang Eue-Soon1

Affiliation:

1. Department of Applied Chemistry, Kumoh National Institute of Technology, Gumi 730-701, Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea

Abstract

Phototherapies, such as photothermal therapy (PTT) and photodynamic therapy (PDT), combined with novel all-in-one light-responsive nanocomposites have recently emerged as new therapeutic modalities for the treatment of cancer. Herein, we developed novel all-in-one triphenylphosphonium-functionalized gold nanorod/zinc oxide core–shell nanocomposites (CTPP-GNR@ZnO) for mitochondrial-targeted PTT/PDT owing to their good biocompatibility, tunable and high optical absorption, photothermal conversion efficiency, highest reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and high mitochondrial-targeting capability. Under laser irradiation of 780 nm, the CTPP-GNR@ZnO core–shell nanocomposites effectively produced heat in addition to generating ROS to induce cell death, implying a synergistic effect of mild PTT and PDT in combating cancer. Notably, the in vitro PTT/PDT effect of CTPP-GNR@ZnO core–shell nanocomposites exhibited effective cell ablation (95%) and induced significant intracellular ROS after the 780 nm laser irradiation for 50 min, indicating that CTPP in CTPP-GNR@ZnO core–shell nanocomposites can specifically target the mitochondria of CT-26 cells, as well as generate heat and ROS to completely kill cancer cells. Overall, this light-responsive nanocomposite-based phototherapy provides a new approach for cancer synergistic therapy.

Funder

Academic Research Project (2022) of the Kumoh National Institute of Technology

Publisher

MDPI AG

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