Affiliation:
1. Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong 999077, China
2. State Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong 999077, China
3. Research Institute for Sports Science and Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong 999077, China
Abstract
Although tumor immunotherapy has emerged as a promising therapeutic method for oncology, it encounters several limitations, especially concerning low response rates and potential off-targets that elicit side effects. Furthermore, tumor immunogenicity is the critical factor that predicts the success rate of immunotherapy, which can be boosted by the application of nanotechnology. Herein, we introduce the current approach of cancer immunotherapy and its challenges and the general methods to enhance tumor immunogenicity. Importantly, this review highlights the integration of anticancer chemo/immuno-based drugs with multifunctional nanomedicines that possess imaging modality to determine tumor location and can respond to stimuli, such as light, pH, magnetic field, or metabolic changes, to trigger chemotherapy, phototherapy, radiotherapy, or catalytic therapy to upregulate tumor immunogenicity. This promotion rouses immunological memory, such as enhanced immunogenic cell death, promoted maturation of dendritic cells, and activation of tumor-specific T cells against cancer. Finally, we express the related challenges and personal perspectives of bioengineered nanomaterials for future cancer immunotherapy.
Funder
Hong Kong Polytechnic University
PolyU Projects of RISports
Shenzhen Science and Technology Program-Basic Research Scheme
Guangdong-Hong Kong Technology Cooperation Funding Scheme
Research Grants Council (RGC) of Hong Kong Collaborative Research Grant
Research Grants Council (RGC) of Hong Kong General Research Grant
Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Institute Bai Cheng Bai Yuan Fund
Croucher Foundation
Cited by
8 articles.
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