Reduced Graphene Oxide-Coated Separator to Activate Dead Potassium for Efficient Potassium Batteries

Abstract

Potassium (K) metal batteries (KMBs) have the advantages of relatively low electric potential (−2.93 V), high specific capacity (687 mAh g−1), and low cost, which are highly appealing to manufacturers of portable electric products and vehicles. However, the large amounts of “dead K” caused by K dendrite growth and volumetric expansion can cause severe K metal anode deactivation. Here, a thin layer of conductive reduced graphene oxide (rGO) was coated on a GF separator (rGO@GF) to activate the generated dead K. Compared with the batteries adopting an original separator, those adopting a modified separator have significantly improved specific capacity and cycling stability. The life of full-cell of KMBs combining an rGO@GF separator with synthesized K0.51V2O5 is expected to exceed 400 cycles, with an initial capacity of 92 mAh g−1 at 0.5 A g−1 and an attenuation rate per cycle as low as 0.03%. Our work demonstrates that a composite separator of high conductivity is beneficial for high performance KMBs.