Unique Self-Phosphorylating Polybenzimidazole of the 6F Family for HT-PEM Fuel Cell Application

Author:

Ponomarev Igor I.1ORCID,Volkova Yulia A.1,Skupov Kirill M.1ORCID,Vtyurina Elizaveta S.1ORCID,Ponomarev Ivan I.1,Ilyin Mikhail M.1ORCID,Nikiforov Roman Y.2ORCID,Alentiev Alexander Y.2,Zhigalina Olga M.3,Khmelenin Dmitry N.3ORCID,Strelkova Tatyana V.1,Modestov Alexander D.4ORCID

Affiliation:

1. A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds of Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Vavilova St., bld. 1, Moscow 119334, Russia

2. A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences, 29 Leninsky Av., Moscow 119991, Russia

3. A.V. Shubnikov Institute of Crystallography of Federal Scientific Research Centre “Crystallography and Photonics”of Russian Academy of Sciences, 59 Leninsky Av., Moscow 119333, Russia

4. A.N. Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 31 Leninsky Av., bld. 4., Moscow 119071, Russia

Abstract

High-temperature polymer-electrolyte membrane fuel cells (HT-PEMFCs) are a very important type of fuel cells since they operate at 150–200 °C, making it possible to use hydrogen contaminated with CO. However, the need to improve the stability and other properties of gas-diffusion electrodes still impedes their distribution. Self-supporting anodes based on carbon nanofibers (CNF) are prepared using the electrospinning method from a polyacrylonitrile solution containing zirconium salt, followed by pyrolysis. After the deposition of Pt nanoparticles on the CNF surface, the composite anodes are obtained. A new self-phosphorylating polybenzimidazole of the 6F family is applied to the Pt/CNF surface to improve the triple-phase boundary, gas transport, and proton conductivity of the anode. This polymer coating ensures a continuous interface between the anode and proton-conducting membrane. The polymer is investigated using CO2 adsorption, TGA, DTA, FTIR, GPC, and gas permeability measurements. The anodes are studied using SEM, HAADF STEM, and CV. The operation of the membrane–electrode assembly in the H2/air HT-PEMFC shows that the application of the new PBI of the 6F family with good gas permeability as a coating for the CNF anodes results in an enhancement of HT-PEMFC performance, reaching 500 mW/cm2 at 1.3 A/cm2 (at 180 °C), compared with the previously studied PBI-O-PhT-P polymer.

Funder

Russian Science Foundation

Publisher

MDPI AG

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