Modified Lignin-Based Cement Solidifying Material for Improving Engineering Residual Soil

Abstract

Although lignin improves the strength and modulus of soil, it is less active when unmodified, and it exhibits more limited effects on soils in combination with traditional Ca-based curing agents. Lignin-solidified soil also exhibits deficiencies, such as poor durability under dry–wet cycling conditions, and thus, the amelioration effect is limited. This study investigated the enhancement of cement-solidified soil using hydroxylated lignin with sodium silicate and quicklime used as activators to improve the engineering performance and durability of the treated soil. Using respective cement, sodium silicate, quicklime, and lignin contents of 7%, 0.4%, 0.2%, and 0.2% with respect to the dry mass of the slag soil, the strength and cohesion of the composite-solidified soil were 1.5 times those of cement-solidified soil, whereas the internal friction angle increased by 5.1°. At a solidifying age of 14 d, the penetration resistance almost doubled, indicating a significant improvement in the bearing capacity of the soil. The results suggest that modified lignin-based admixtures may significantly enhance the performance of cement-solidified soil. The cement curing admixture used in this study provides theoretical and technological support for curing agent preparation and the utilization of slag.