The Neuroimmune Regulation and Potential Therapeutic Strategies of Optic Pathway Glioma

Author:

Irshad Khushboo1ORCID,Huang Yu-Kai23ORCID,Rodriguez Paul4ORCID,Lo Jung5ORCID,Aghoghovwia Benjamin E.1,Pan Yuan16,Chang Kun-Che347ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Department of Symptom Research, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA

2. Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan

3. Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan

4. Department of Ophthalmology, Louis J. Fox Center for Vision Restoration, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA

5. Department of Ophthalmology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan

6. Department of Neuro-Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA

7. Department of Neurobiology, Center of Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA

Abstract

Optic pathway glioma (OPG) is one of the causes of pediatric visual impairment. Unfortunately, there is as yet no cure for such a disease. Understanding the underlying mechanisms and the potential therapeutic strategies may help to delay the progression of OPG and rescue the visual morbidities. Here, we provide an overview of preclinical OPG studies and the regulatory pathways controlling OPG pathophysiology. We next discuss the role of microenvironmental cells (neurons, T cells, and tumor-associated microglia and macrophages) in OPG development. Last, we provide insight into potential therapeutic strategies for treating OPG and promoting axon regeneration.

Funder

Department of Defense Neurofibromatosis Research Program

Alex’s Lemonade Stand Foundation

Cancer Prevention and Research Institute of Texas

Gilbert Family Foundation

National Institutes of Health Core Grants

Eye and Ear Foundation of Pittsburgh

Research to Prevent Blindness

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

General Neuroscience

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