Familiarity Processing through Faces and Names: Insights from Multivoxel Pattern Analysis

Author:

Castro-Laguardia Ana Maria1ORCID,Ontivero-Ortega Marlis1,Morato Cristina2ORCID,Lucas Ignacio2ORCID,Vila Jaime2ORCID,Bobes León María Antonieta1,Muñoz Pedro Guerra2ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Department of Cognitive and Social Neuroscience, Cuban Center for Neurosciences (CNEURO), Rotonda La Muñeca, 15202 Avenida 25, La Habana 11600, Cuba

2. Mind, Brain and Behavior Research Center (CIMCYC), University of Granada (UGR), Avda. del Hospicio, s/n P.C., 18010 Granada, Spain

Abstract

The way our brain processes personal familiarity is still debatable. We used searchlight multivoxel pattern analysis (MVPA) to identify areas where local fMRI patterns could contribute to familiarity detection for both faces and name categories. Significantly, we identified cortical areas in frontal, temporal, cingulate, and insular areas, where it is possible to accurately cross-classify familiar stimuli from one category using a classifier trained with the stimulus from the other (i.e., abstract familiarity) based on local fMRI patterns. We also discovered several areas in the fusiform gyrus, frontal, and temporal regions—primarily lateralized to the right hemisphere—supporting the classification of familiar faces but failing to do so for names. Also, responses to familiar names (compared to unfamiliar names) consistently showed less activation strength than responses to familiar faces (compared to unfamiliar faces). The results evinced a set of abstract familiarity areas (independent of the stimulus type) and regions specifically related only to face familiarity, contributing to recognizing familiar individuals.

Funder

Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation

Cuban Neuroscience and Neurotechnology Program

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

General Neuroscience

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