Fusicoccin (FC)-Induced Rapid Growth, Proton Extrusion and Membrane Potential Changes in Maize (Zea mays L.) Coleoptile Cells: Comparison to Auxin Responses

Abstract

The fungal toxin fusicoccin (FC) induces rapid cell elongation, proton extrusion and plasma membrane hyperpolarization in maize coleoptile cells. Here, these three parameters were simultaneously measured using non-abraded and non-peeled segments with the incubation medium having access to their lumen. The dose–response curve for the FC-induced growth was sigmoidal shaped with the maximum at 10−6 M over 10 h. The amplitudes of the rapid growth and proton extrusion were significantly higher for FC than those for indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). The differences between the membrane potential changes that were observed in the presence of FC and IAA relate to the permanent membrane hyperpolarization for FC and transient hyperpolarization for IAA. It was also found that the lag times of the rapid growth, proton extrusion and membrane hyperpolarization were shorter for FC compared to IAA. At 30 °C, the biphasic kinetics of the IAA-induced growth rate could be changed into a monophasic (parabolic) one, which is characteristic for FC-induced rapid growth. It has been suggested that the rates of the initial phase of the FC- and IAA-induced growth involve two common mechanisms that consist of the proton pumps and potassium channels whose contribution to the action of both effectors on the rapid growth is different.