Simulation of Indoor Fire Dynamics of Residential Buildings with Full-Scale Fire Test

Abstract

Along with simulated firefighting training, the development of virtual training systems and associated content has recently drawn attention as an alternative method for advanced firefighting training. In particular, to develop virtual training content, it is important to understand the combustion characteristics of indoor combustible materials and appropriately simulate their behavior. In this study, seven types of building fires were selected. From these types, indoor combustible materials of residential buildings were analyzed, and combustion tests were performed for each of three types of combustible materials. Furthermore, three types of indoor spaces, determined according to the combination of indoor combustible materials they contained, were divided into full-scale compartments, and a full-scale fire test was performed using this setup. Finally, the heat release rate and smoke production release of individual combustible materials and the room test were measured over time, and a fire dynamics simulation (FDS) was performed. As a result, it was confirmed that an effective evaluation of the occurrence and spread of fire indoors in buildings is possible through full-scale fire tests and FDS simulations. It is expected that simulation can be used as firefighting training content in the future by applying indoor combustible data and implementing complex and various fire development conditions.