The Beneficial Impact of Pulmonary Rehabilitation in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis: A Review of the Current Literature

Author:

Zamparelli Stefano Sanduzzi1ORCID,Lombardi Carmen2ORCID,Candia Claudio3ORCID,Iovine Paola Rebecca3,Rea Gaetano4,Vitacca Michele5ORCID,Ambrosino Pasquale6ORCID,Bocchino Marialuisa3,Maniscalco Mauro23ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Division of Pneumology and Respiratory Physiopathology, A. Cardarelli Hospital, 80131 Naples, Italy

2. Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Pulmonary Rehabilitation Unit of Telese Terme Institute, 82037 Telese Terme, Italy

3. Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy

4. Department of Radiology, Monaldi Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliera dei Colli, 80131 Naples, Italy

5. Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Pulmonary Rehabilitation Unit of Lumezzane Institute, 25065 Lumezzane, Italy

6. Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Scientific Directorate of Telese Terme Institute, 82037 Telese Terme, Italy

Abstract

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic and irreversible fibrotic disease whose natural history is characterised by a progressive worsening of the pulmonary function, exertional dyspnoea, exercise intolerance, reduced physical activity, and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) impairment. Pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) is a comprehensive, multi-disciplinary programme that uses a combination of strength training, teaching, counselling, and behaviour modification techniques to reduce symptoms and optimise functional capacity in patients with chronic lung disease. Based on the well-documented effectiveness of PR in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), over the years supportive evidence of its benefits for other respiratory diseases has been emerging. Although the latest rehabilitation guidelines recognised PR’s efficacy for interstitial lung disease (ILD) and IPF in particular, this comprehensive approach remains underused and under-resourced. In this review, we will discuss the advantages and beneficial effects of PR on IPF, analysing its impact on exercise capacity, disease-related symptoms, cardiovascular outcomes, body composition, and HRQOL.

Funder

“Ricerca Corrente” funding scheme of the Ministry of Health, Italy

Publisher

MDPI AG

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