Does Avian Coronavirus Co-Circulate with Avian Paramyxovirus and Avian Influenza Virus in Wild Ducks in Siberia?

Author:

Sharshov Kirill1,Dubovitskiy Nikita1ORCID,Derko Anastasiya1ORCID,Loginova Arina1,Kolotygin Ilya12,Zhirov Dmitry12,Sobolev Ivan1,Kurskaya Olga1,Alekseev Alexander1ORCID,Druzyaka Alexey3,Ktitorov Pavel4,Kulikova Olga4,He Guimei5,Wang Zhenghuan5,Bi Yuhai6ORCID,Shestopalov Alexander1

Affiliation:

1. Federal Research Center of Fundamental and Translational Medicine, Novosibirsk 630117, Russia

2. Faculty of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630073, Russia

3. Institute of Animal Systematics and Ecology, Novosibirsk 630091, Russia

4. Institute of Biological Problems of the North, Magadan 685000, Russia

5. School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China

6. Center for Influenza Research and Early-warning (CASCIRE), CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China

Abstract

Avian coronaviruses (ACoV) have been shown to be highly prevalent in wild bird populations. More work on avian coronavirus detection and diversity estimation is needed for the breeding territories of migrating birds, where the high diversity and high prevalence of Orthomyxoviridae and Paramyxoviridae have already been shown in wild birds. In order to detect ACoV RNA, we conducted PCR diagnostics of cloacal swab samples from birds, which we monitored during avian influenza A virus surveillance activities. Samples from two distant Asian regions of Russia (Sakhalin region and Novosibirsk region) were tested. Amplified fragments of the RNA-dependent RNA-polymerase (RdRp) of positive samples were partially sequenced to determine the species of Coronaviridae represented. The study revealed a high presence of ACoV among wild birds in Russia. Moreover, there was a high presence of birds co-infected with avian coronavirus, avian influenza virus, and avian paramyxovirus. We found one case of triple co-infection in a Northern Pintail (Anas acuta). Phylogenetic analysis revealed the circulation of a Gammacoronavirus species. A Deltacoronavirus species was not detected, which supports the data regarding the low prevalence of deltacoronaviruses among surveyed bird species.

Funder

State-funded budget

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

Virology,Infectious Diseases

Reference36 articles.

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