Algorithm for Determining Three Components of the Velocity Vector of Highly Maneuverable Aircraft

Abstract

We developed a signal processing algorithm to determine three components of the velocity vector of a highly maneuverable aircraft. We developed an equation of the distance from an aircraft to an underlying surface. This equation describes a general case of random spatial aircraft positions. Particularly, this equation considers distance changes according to an aircraft flight velocity variation. We also determined the relationship between radial velocity measured within the radiation pattern beam, the signal frequency Doppler shift, and the law of the range changing within the irradiated surface area. The models of the emitted and received signals were substantiated. The proposed equation of the received signal assumes that a reflection occurs not from a point object, but from a spatial area of an underlying surface. It fully corresponds to the real interaction process between an electromagnetic field and surface. The considered solution allowed us to synthesize the optimal algorithm to estimate the current range and three components {Vx,Vy,Vz} of the aircraft’s velocity vector V→. In accordance with the synthesized algorithm, we propose a radar structural diagram. The developed radar structural diagram consists of three channels for transmitting and receiving signals. This number of channels is necessary to estimate the full set of the velocity and altitude vector components. We studied several aircraft flight trajectories via simulations. We analyzed straight-line uniform flights; flights with changes in yaw, roll, and attack angles; vertical rises; and landings on a glide path and lining up with the correct yaw, pitch, and roll angles. The simulation results confirmed the correctness of the obtained solution.