Three-Dimensional Positioning for Aircraft Using IoT Devices Equipped with a Fish-Eye Camera

Abstract

Radar is an important sensing technology for three-dimensional positioning of aircraft. This method requires detecting the response from the object to the signal transmitted from the antenna, but the accuracy becomes unstable due to effects such as obstruction and reflection from surrounding buildings at low altitudes near the antenna. Accordingly, there is a need for a ground-based positioning method with high accuracy. Among the positioning methods using cameras that have been proposed for this purpose, we have developed a multisite synchronized positioning system using IoT devices equipped with a fish-eye camera, and have been investigating its performance. This report describes the details and calibration experiments for this technology. Also, a case study was performed in which flight paths measured by existing GPS positioning were compared with results from the proposed method. Although the results obtained by each of the methods showed individual characteristics, the three-dimensional coordinates were a good match, showing the effectiveness of the positioning technology proposed in this study.