Analysis of Combat in Sport JU-JITSU during the World Championships in Fighting Formula

Abstract

Background: The observation and specialized analysis of confrontations in combat sports are fundamental for making corrections in training programs as well as for modifying individual technical–tactical profiles of athletes in such activities. These actions comprehensively assess the course of sports activities and ultimately inspire and guide the type of training in academies and sports clubs. The aim of the study was a general and detailed analysis of sport fighting in JU-JITSU during a top-tier tournament, in the fighting formula for the entire competition and for each weight category. Methods: The research material consisted of multimedia recordings of sports fights taken during the World JU-JITSU Championships in the fighting formula, Wroclaw 2016. A total of 229 tournament fights were analyzed in seven weight categories. For the purpose of evaluating the structure of the fight, a retrospective analysis of the recorded empirical material was conducted, and technical–tactical preparation (TTII) indicators were calculated, both in a global tournament context and for individual weight categories. Results: Of the 229 matches, more than half were decided by the advantage of technical points (58.52%) within the regulatory fight time, while in 74 clashes, victory was declared by Full Ippon (32.31%) before the designated fight time. Activity and attack effectiveness, as well as the number of technical points, were highest in the first part of the fight. Significant variations were observed in terms of activity, attack effectiveness, and point gains for all parts of the clash, and for effectiveness in the weight categories compared to the second part. The most frequently occurring penalty was the minor shido penalty, while the offense was the lack of fighting in the second part of the duel. The total fight time was 256 s, of which 144 s were effective fighting, and 112 s were breaks. Conclusions: The analysis of sports fight observations revealed that the majority of fights ended with a technical point advantage win (58.52%), with notable activity and attack effectiveness in part I. Middleweight fighters were most active early on, while heavyweight categories dominated later phases. Attack efficiency varied across weight categories. Penalties were predominantly minor (shido), and the total fight time included 144 s of effective fighting and 112 s of breaks.