Evaluation of the Relapse Risk and Survival Rate in Patients with Hodgkin Lymphoma: A Monocentric Experience

Abstract

Background and objectives: Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) is characterized by the presence of malignant Reed Sternberg cells. Although the current curability rate in patients with HL has increased, up to 30% of those in the advanced stages and 5% to 10% of those in limited stages of the disease, relapse. According to the studies, the relapse risk in HL decreases after 2 years. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the relapse risk and event free survival (EFS) in patients with HL treated with Doxorubicin, Bleomycin, Vinblastine and Dacarbazine (ABVD), or treated with Bleomycin, Etoposide, Doxorubicin, Cyclophosphamide, Vincristine, Procarbazine, and Prednisone (BEACOPP) regimens. Material and methods: In an observational, consecutive-case scenario, 71 patients (median age 32 years; range 16 to 80 years) diagnosed within a 4-year timeframe were enrolled; all patients were treated according to standards of care. The average follow-up duration was 26 months. Results: The risk of relapse, in patients older than 40 years, decreased after 1 year, OR = 0.707 (95% CI 0.506 to 0.988), and 2 years, OR = 0.771 (95% CI 0.459 to 1.295), respectively. Patients in the advanced stages had a higher International Prognostic Score (IPS) (score ≥ 4). The overall survival at 2 years was 57.74% and the disease-specific survival at 2 years was 71.83%. Regardless, the chemotherapy regimen and the EFS time, advanced stage, high IPS and bulky disease were still associated with an increased relapse risk in patients with HL. Conclusions: The use of ABVD chemotherapy regimen followed by 2 years EFS was associated with a reduced relapse risk.