The Role of ROR1 in Chemoresistance and EMT in Endometrial Cancer Cells

Author:

Lee Kyung-Jun1,Kim Nam-Hyeok1,Kim Hyeong Su12ORCID,Kim Youngmi1,Lee Jae-Jun13,Kim Jung Han2,Cho Hye-Yon14ORCID,Jeong Soo Young15,Park Sung Taek15ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Institute of New Frontier Research Team, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea

2. Division of Hemato-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kangnam Sacred-Heart Hospital, Hallym University Medical Center, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul 07441, Republic of Korea

3. Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Chuncheon Sacred-Heart Hospital, Hallym University Medical Center, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon 24253, Republic of Korea

4. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Dongtan Sacred-Heart Hospital, Hallym University Medical Center, Hallym University College of Medicine, Hwaseong 18450, Republic of Korea

5. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kangnam Sacred-Heart Hospital, Hallym University Medical Center, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul 07441, Republic of Korea

Abstract

Background and Objectives: Receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptor type 1 (ROR1) plays a critical role in embryogenesis and is overexpressed in many malignant cells. These characteristics allow ROR1 to be a potential new target for cancer treatment. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of ROR1 through in vitro experiments in endometrial cancer cell lines. Materials and Methods: ROR1 expression was identified in endometrial cancer cell lines using Western blot and RT-qPCR. The effects of ROR1 on cell proliferation, invasion, migration, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers were analyzed in two endometrial cancer cell lines (HEC-1 and SNU-539) using either ROR1 silencing or overexpression. Additionally, chemoresistance was examined by identifying MDR1 expression and IC50 level of paclitaxel. Results: The ROR1 protein and mRNA were highly expressed in SNU-539 and HEC-1 cells. High ROR1 expression resulted in a significant increase in cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. It also resulted in a change of EMT markers expression, a decrease in E-cadherin expression, and an increase in Snail expression. Moreover, cells with ROR1 overexpression had a higher IC50 of paclitaxel and significantly increased MDR1 expression. Conclusions: These in vitro experiments showed that ROR1 is responsible for EMT and chemoresistance in endometrial cancer cell lines. Targeting ROR1 can inhibit cancer metastasis and may be a potential treatment method for patients with endometrial cancer who exhibit chemoresistance.

Funder

Hallym University Research Fund

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

General Medicine

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