An Interdisciplinary Study Regarding the Characteristics of Dental Resins Used for Temporary Bridges

Abstract

Background and Objectives: The surface condition of the materials that are used for temporary prostheses influences their microbial colonization, with a direct impact on the oral tissues. This study aims at a comparative analysis of three types of resins for temporary bridges using conventional and digital technologies. The attention was focused on the analysis of the surface characteristics and mechanical strength of these materials. Materials and Methods: The surface condition was assessed for three distinct materials both before and after polishing- heat-curing resin Superpont C + B (SpofaDental, Jicin, Czech Republic) used unconventional technology, Zotion dental milling polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) block (Zotion, Chongqing, China) for provisional crowns/bridges used in digital subtractive technologies and Freeprint Temp (Detax GmbH & Co. KG, Ettlingen, Germany) resin for temporary crowns and bridges that are used in 3D printing technologies. The two-way ANOVA analysis indicated that polishing leads to a statistically significant increase in roughness coefficients for all the three resins that were tested (p < 0.001). While the highest roughness coefficients were displayed in the 3D cured sample, the largest decrease was reported by the milled sample Results: The results revealed that surface roughness was significantly influenced by both the type of resin that was used (p < 0.001) and the treatment that was induced by finishing and polishing (p < 0.001). Similar p-values were obtained for each of the three resins. Conclusions: The results demonstrated a significant optimization of the surfaces after finishing and polishing and statistically significant differences between the surface parameters and the mechanical properties of the samples. The low values of the roughness and the acceptable values of the mechanical resistance for the conventional samples indicate these materials for the long-term temporary bridge’s realization, allowing the correct restoration of the functions and the rehabilitation at the oral level.