1. Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
2. School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
3. Department of Emergency Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 402, Taiwan
4. Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 402, Taiwan
5. Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Changhua Christian Hospital, Yunlin Branch, Changhua 648, Taiwan
6. Department of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, College of Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
7. Department of Surgery, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 402, Taiwan