Fatty Acid Profile of Jumbo Squid (Dosidicus gigas) off the Peruvian Exclusive Economic Zone: Revealing the Variability of Feeding Strategies

Abstract

Jumbo squid Dosidicus gigas play a critical role in the marine ecosystems and are an important commercial species in the East Pacific. Generally, three size groups have been distinguished on the basis of the mantle length (ML) of an adult. Here, fatty acid (FA) analyses of muscle tissues were used to explore the feeding strategies of D. gigas off the Peruvian exclusive economic zone in terms of different size groups and sexes. There was no significant difference in fatty acid composition between the small- and medium-sized groups, whereas the large-sized group differed significantly from other groups. The higher content of C20:4n6 and (C18:2n6 + C18:3n3) indicates that the large-sized group may feed more frequently in nearshore and deep waters. Furthermore, the niches of the three size groups were consistent with the results of fatty acid composition, with the large-sized group occupying the widest trophic niche, followed by the medium-sized group and then the small-sized group. In addition, there was evidence of trophic niche overlap between the small and medium groups. In terms of sexual variability of the small and medium groups, the fatty acid composition significantly differed between females and males. In terms of sexual variation of the large group, the fatty acid composition between females and males was similar, indicating that similar feeding strategies may be adopted by them. This study revealed the variability of the feeding strategies of three size groups of D. gigas off the Peruvian exclusive economic zone.