Enhancing Marina Sustainability: Water Quality and Flushing Efficiency in Marinas

Abstract

Coastal marinas are particularly susceptible to pollution due to their limited flushing capabilities and ineffective management practices. Therefore, it is necessary to implement measures that promote enhanced sustainability. This study aims to explore the intricate relationship between tidal flushing characteristics and water quality within marinas to foster sustainable development and management practices that mitigate environmental impacts. The research scrutinized seven marinas along the Kuwait coastline, each exhibiting unique hydrodynamic conditions and geometric configurations. Water quality indicators such as BOD, COD, DO, and SO42− were evaluated concerning each marina’s flushing efficiency through field assessments and hydrodynamic numerical modeling. An empirical formula was developed to predict and optimize flushing mechanisms, which provided critical insights into the design and management of marinas to enhance water quality. The study revealed significant disparities in water quality across the examined marinas as the hydrodynamic and geometric conditions differed. The empirical formula developed offers a novel approach to quantitatively assessing flushing efficiency, which is valuable for marina designers and managers, facilitating informed decisions, and promoting environmental sustainability. This study underscores the critical importance of integrating hydrodynamic and geometric considerations in the design and management of marinas to improve water quality and sustainability. It advocates for a multifaceted strategy that includes advanced design solutions, rigorous policy implementation, and active community engagement to safeguard coastal marine environments. The findings emphasize the need for comprehensive environmental management plans.